| Abstract: |
The Mahua tree (Madhuca longifolia) occupies a central role in the livelihood ecosystem of tribal communities in Bastar, Chhattisgarh. This empirical study investigates the economic empowerment of tribal women through the collection, processing, and commercialisation of Mahua forest produce. Drawing on primary survey data collected from 300 tribal women across six blocks of Bastar district during 2022–2023, the study employs descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analysis to assess income contribution, livelihood diversification, and socio-economic mobility. Findings reveal that Mahua-related activities contribute approximately 38% of annual household income for respondent households, with women exercising significant control over earnings in over 62% of cases. However, structural constraints including market access barriers, exploitation by middlemen, limited processing infrastructure, and low financial literacy continue to impede the full realisation of economic potential. The study identifies statistically significant correlations between participation in Mahua-based enterprises and improvements in nutritional outcomes, children's school enrolment, and women's financial decision-making autonomy. Comparative analysis with non-Mahua-dependent households confirms a measurable empowerment differential. The paper concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations centred on cooperative formation, value chain integration, and targeted skilling programmes. These findings carry direct implications for forest-based livelihood policy, tribal welfare schemes, and gender-inclusive rural development strategies in central Indian states. |
