| Abstract: |
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by progressive joint destruction and systemic inflammation. Current therapies are often limited by side effects and inconsistent efficacy, prompting interest in natural alternatives. Tephrosia purpurea L. (Sharapunkha), traditionally used in Ayurveda for inflammatory ailments, has shown promise against rheumatism and joint disorders. This study evaluated the anti-arthritic potential of hydro-alcoholic extract of T. purpurea leaves in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis in Wistar rats. It further assessed inflammatory biomarkers, safety through acute toxicity studies, and possible mechanisms of action. Acute toxicity was assessed following OECD 423 guidelines. Arthritis was induced in 36 male Wistar rats using FCA. Animals were orally treated with T. purpurea extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 21 days. Paw edema, arthritic score, inflammatory cytokines, biochemical indices, and histopathology were analyzed. The extract was safe (LD₅₀ >2000 mg/kg) and significantly reduced paw swelling, arthritic scores, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Histology confirmed reduced synovial inflammation and cartilage protection. The findings highlight T. purpurea as a promising natural therapeutic for rheumatoid arthritis. |
